Facts on 2 December
1895 – 54th U.S. Congress Convenes with One Black Congressman

The 54th Congress of the United States (1895–1897) convened on this day with George W. Murray of South Carolina serving as the only African American member. A Republican and formerly enslaved man, Murray was a strong advocate for civil rights and Black land ownership. He represented a rare voice for African Americans in a time when Jim Crow laws were taking root and Black political representation was rapidly declining.

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