On July 23, 1868, the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was ratified, which granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, including former slaves. This was a monumental step in the civil rights movement, as it provided equal protection under the law to all citizens. The 14th Amendment also ensured that states could not deny any person the equal protection of the laws, which became a critical foundation for later civil rights advances.
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