The United States recorded a population of 23,191,876 in the 1850 census. Notably, this was the first federal census to include every individual in a household by name, including women and children, as well as enslaved people (listed separately). Of the total population, approximately 3,638,808 million were enslaved African Americans —comprising approximately 15.7% of the population, underscoring the vast scale of slavery in the pre-Civil War United States.
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