During the American Civil War, Confederate forces under General Nathan Bedford Forrest captured Fort Pillow in Tennessee. Following the fort’s surrender, Confederate troops massacred over 300 Union soldiers—many of whom were Black members of the United States Colored Troops (USCT). The official Union investigation reported that neither soldier nor civilian, Black nor white, male nor female, was spared. The atrocity became a rallying cry for Black troops and fueled Northern outrage over Confederate war crimes.
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