Facts on 21 December
President Ulysses S. Grant Issues Proclamation on Mississippi Violence

In response to escalating violence against Black citizens and Republicans during the Reconstruction era, President Ulysses S. Grant issued a proclamation condemning the lawlessness in Mississippi. The violence, largely perpetrated by white supremacist groups such as the White League and Ku Klux Klan, aimed to suppress Black political participation. Grant warned that federal intervention would follow if order was not restored, reflecting the federal government’s ongoing struggle to protect the civil rights of newly emancipated African Americans in the South.

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